- 最后登录
- 2018-6-29
- 注册时间
- 2011-7-1
- 阅读权限
- 20
- 积分
- 359
- 纳金币
- 335582
- 精华
- 0
|
Insitu: Sketching Architectural Designs in Context
Patrick Paczkowski Min H. Kim† Yann Morvan§ Julie Dorsey Holly Rushmeier Carol O’Sullivan
Yale University† Trinity College Dublin
![]()
Abstract
Architecture is design in spatial context. The only current meth-
ods for representing context involve designing in a heavyweight
computer-aided design system, using a full model of existing build-
ings and landscape, or sketching on a panoramic photo. The former
is too cumbersome; the latter is too restrictive in viewpoint and in
the handling of occlusions and topography. We introduce a novel
approach to presenting context such that it is an integral compo-
nent in a lightweight conceptual design system. We represent sites
through a fusion of data available from different sources. We de-
rive a site model from geographic elevation data, on-site point-to-
point distance measurements, and images of the site. To acquire
and process the data, we use publicly available data sources, multi-
dimensional scaling techniques and refinements of recent bundle
adjustment techniques. We offer a suite of interactive tools to ac-
quire, process, and combine the data into a lightweight stroke and
image-billboard representation. We create multiple and linked pop-
ups derived from images, forming a lightweight representation of
a three-dimensional environment. We implemented our techniques
in a stroke-based conceptual design system we call Insitu. We de-
veloped our work through continuous interaction with professional
designers. We present designs created with our new techniques in-
tegrated in a conceptual design system.
Keywords: Design, Context, Sketching, Human Factors
1 Introduction
Computer-aided design (CAD) systems have been extraordinarily
successful in design, especially in architecture. Recently there has
been considerable interest in 3D modeling systems for early phases
in the design of s***ctures. Sketching programs that allow users
to rough out three-dimensional definitions from simple strokes and
gestures are widely used by architects. Yet even as computers are
ubiquitous in the design of the built environment, the existing array
of computational aids does not offer assistance in the early concep-
tual design of s***ctures relative to existing natural and manmade
environments – a central concern of architectural design.
The design of architectural s***ctures in situ poses substantive and
unique challenges. The spatial fit between architecture and its con-
text is a key concern, as architecture includes exterior and interior
space [McHarg 1991] and is never designed in a vacuum. There
are three basic relationships between architecture and its surround:
contrast, merger, and reciprocity. Contrast juxtaposes architecture
with the natural context – for example, the relationship of New
York’s Central Park to the surrounding fabric. Merger is the op-
posite of contrast: a building is designed to appear as a harmo-
nious integral part of the surround. Much of Frank Lloyd Wright’s
work, including his famous Fallingwater House, shown in Fig. 2,
aspired to this condition. Here, the building and context are con-
ceived as one, making it impossible to design independent of the
context; such a condition cannot be represented effectively by cur-
rent CAD systems. Reciprocity represents a hybrid condition, in
which a building and its surround reflect one another, and enter into
a sort of spatial dialog. The considerations and devices used to
achieve these various relationships are numerous, and include such
factors as massing, geometry, view(s), and scale, to name a few.
全文请下载附件： |
|
发表于 2011-12-29 10:37:39
QQ好友和群
腾讯微博
腾讯朋友
微信
转播
淘帖
收藏
支持
反对
发表于 2012-7-12 10:35:02
